An increase of disease among the population caused by bacterial and viral pathogens is often provoked by suppression of the functional activity of the immune system. The creation of dietary supplements and food ingredients based on natural immunotropic compounds for use as a nutritional support in the diet of people with reduced immune status is topical. The paper presents a hypothesis about the possibility of using lactic acid and bifidobacteria processing products (muropeptides), as immunological compounds in dietary supplements and food products.