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- ДокументEfficiency of the functioning of the state control system for the safety and quality of animal products in Ukraine(2017) I. Kyryliuk, Ye. KyryliukThe study reveals the results of evaluating the effectiveness of the state control system (supervision) on the safety and individual indicators of the quality of livestock products in Ukraine. The necessity of application of such components of efficiency as legislation, management and its organizational structure, inspection and laboratory service, information, training and communications is substantiated. It has been determined that during a sufficiently long period of time (until 2015), the system of state control (supervision) was archaic and actually focused on the principles of command and administrative economy. The modern tendencies and specifics of the improvement of the Ukrainian control system in the direction of its harmonization with the European one are shown. The emphasis was on significant volumes of work that needed to be done in a very short time, as well as in the absence of adequate funding and appropriate skilled specialists. The emergence of clarity and unambiguousness in determining the responsibility of market operators for violating the legislation requirements in the field of production and circulation of animal origin food products was emphasized. Along with the achievements, there were identified systemic problems related to the technical regulation of safety assurance processes and individual quality indicators in Ukraine. Also it was noted and revealed that legislation in the area of guaranteeing the quality and safety of livestock products in Ukraine remains incomplete and not fully developed. The necessity of development of a number of by-laws and allocation of necessary financing for effective functioning of the state control system over product safety is substantiated. Article specified on the presence of insufficient number of professional inspection and laboratory services is underlined. The mechanisms of avoiding corruption risks and excessive pressure on the subjects of the livestock production market are proposed. The necessity of determining the separate by-law of the state audit mechanism of procedures based on the principles of HACCP, in the production, processing, storage and transportation of livestock products is proved. The conclusion is made about the lack of systematic, chaotic measures for the formation of an approaching European system of state control. The necessity of the legislation improvement was substantiated and other solutions were proposed to improve the effectiveness of the system of monitoring the safety and individual indicators of the quality of livestock products in Ukraine.
- ДокументGoutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L.) biological activity and the possibilities of its use for the correction of the lipid metabolism disorders(2017) O. Tovchiga, O. Koyro, S. Stepanova, S. Shtrygol’, V. Evlash, V. Gorban’,, T. YudkevichThe article summarizes data concerning the biological activity of the promising herbal raw material: aerial part of goutweed (Aegopodium podagraria L., Apiaceae). This plant since time immemorial has been used as vegetable and fodder plant as well as in folk medicine including the treatment of the metabolic disorders. Nowadays the interest in this plant increases. The technology of obtaining the extract and the tincture from goutweed aerial part is described, the chemical composition of these preparations is elucidated. Pharmacological effects of the preparations obtained from goutweed are characterized with the special emphasis on the possibilities of the lipid metabolism disorders correction and prevention. The presented experimental results substantiate the efficacy of goutweed extract and the tincture under the conditions of alimentary lipemia together with their safety in the intact animals. Thus, the hypolipidemic activity of goutweed extract (1 g/kg intragastrically) and goutweed tincture (1 cm3/kg intragastrically) was shown in the test with olive oil loading in rats. The extract appeared to be able to decrease significantly the level of triglycerides in blood plasma, while the tincture reduced the content of plasma total lipids. In the intact rats, the extract at doses of 100 mg/kg and 1 g/kg as well as the tincture at doses of 1 and 5 cm3/kg did not influence on the values of the lipid metabolism after 12 days of administration. Total and HDL cholesterol as well as atherogenic index and plasma total lipids level remained unchanged. In contast to the data previously obtained on the models of hyperuricemia, in the intact rats there were no changes in plasma uric acid concentration (which was determined proceeding from the role of the purine metabolism disorders in metabolic syndrome pathogenesis). Thus, goutweed preparations are characterized with the regulatory mode of action and sufficient level of safety. The development of drugs as well as functional foods containing goutweed herbal raw material is promising.
- ДокументThе оrgаnіс prоduсtіоn іn thе соntеxt оf іmprоvіng thе есоlоgісаl safety оf prоduсtіоn оf the fооd іndustry(2017) O. Nikoliuk, І. Grуshоva, T. ShеstаkоvskаThе аrtісlе prеsеnts the dаtа оn thе rеlеvаnсе оf conducting sсіеntіfіс rеsеаrсh оn thе оrgаnіс prоduсtіоn іn Ukrаіnе аnd іts rоlе іn еnsurіng еnvіrоnmеntаl sаfеty in the food industry. The аnаlysіs оf оrgаnіс аgrісulturаl prоduсtіоn іn thе wоrld аnd Ukrаіnе hаs bееn саrrіеd оut. Іt іs еstаblіshеd thаt іn Ukrаіnе thеrе іs nо stаtе suppоrt fоr thе dеvеlоpmеnt оf thе оrgаnіс sесtоr, hоwеvеr, іt оссupіеs lеаdіng pоsіtіоns іn dіffеrеnt grоups оf сulturеs іn Еurоpе аnd іn thе wоrld аs а whоlе. Іt іs substаntіаtеd thаt аgrісulturаl lаnds must mееt сеrtаіn rеquіrеmеnts rеgаrdіng thе lеvеl оf thеіr соntаmіnаtіоn by hаrmful substаnсеs, hеаvy mеtаls, rаdіоnuсlіdеs, еtс., fоr thе purpоsе оf соnduсtіng оrgаnіс fаrmіng аnd еnsurіng еnvіrоnmеntаl sаfеty of the products of the food industry. Thіs suggеsts thаt thе conversion pеrіоd fоr thе trаnsіtіоn tо оrgаnіс, еnvіrоnmеntаlly safe аgrісulturаl prоduсtіоn іs ассоmpаnіеd by іndіvіduаl rіsks, whісh nесеssіtаtеs thе sоlutіоn оf thе соrrеspоndіng tаsks, whісh аrе systеmаtіzеd іntо соmplеx grоups. Thе conducted аnаlysіs оf tесhnоlоgіеs usеd іn thе prоduсtіоn оf оrgаnіс аgrісulturаl prоduсts usеd іn thе PP "Аgrоесоlоgy" hаs shоwn thаt thеy аrе соst-еffесtіvе, еnvіrоnmеntаlly sаfе, еnеrgy аnd rеsоurсе-sаvіng, аnd аrе сhаrасtеrіzеd by sосіаl оrіеntаtіоn. Strаtеgіс dіrесtіоns оf prоvіdіng оf есоlоgісаl sаfеty of production of оn thе food industry bаsіs оf lоng-tеrm dеvеlоpmеnt оf оrgаnіс prоduсtіоn іn Ukrаіnе аrе оffеrеd.
- ДокументFeatures of obtaining malt with use of aqueous solutions of organic acids(2017) O. Pivovarov, O. Kovaliova, T. Khromenko, Z. ShuliakevychRecently, the traditional formulations of essential food products are actively including malt – a valuable dietary product rich in extractives and hydrolytic enzymes, obtained by germination in artificially created conditions. Containing a full set of essential amino acids and a high saccharifying ability of malt, obtained from grain cereals, determines its wide use in the production of beer, alcohol, mono- and poly-malt extracts, bakery products, special types of flour, food additives, cereals, non-alcoholic beverages, lactic acid products and, in particular, in the production of natural coffee substitutes. However, the classical germination technology, which includes 2-3 days of soaking and 5-8 days of germination due to the considerable duration and laboriousness of the process, does not meet the requirements of modern technology and the constantly growing rates of industrial production, so this problem requires finding new and improving existing scientific and technical solutions. The features of malt production using organic acids of different concentrations are presented. The malt production technology has been analyzed and investigated. It includes washing, disinfection, air and water soaking of grains, germination and drying. The feature of the technology under investigation is using of aqueous solutions of butadiene, 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid and pteroylglutamic acid. The results of the inquiry of the effect of these organic acids on energy and the ability of germination of the grain are presented. The optimal values of concentrations of active substances in solutions are revealed. The influence of organic acids on the absorption of grain moisture has been investigated. It has been established that in comparison with the classical technology, the use of these acids as a growth stimulator can reduce the overall length of the reproduction process of the material from 1.5 to 2 times and increase the yield of flour grains in the batch of malt.
- ДокументThe influence of antioxidant postharvest treatment on content of biologically active substances during storage of cucumbers(2017) O. Priss, V. Yevlash, V. Zhukova, I. IvanovaThe influence of heat treatment with antioxidant compositions on the content of biologically active substances during storage of cucumbers is investigated. It was found that the use of the proposed treatment inhibits the activity of ascorbate oxidase by 15–18%, which allows to slow down the decomposition of ascorbic acid by 1.5 times. The content of ascorbic acid in the experimental fruit after storage for 28 days is 1.4 times higher than in the control after 21 days of storage. It was found that in the cucumbers 11–14 sm long, the synthesis of polyphenols continued in the period of storage. The intensity of accumulation of phenolic substances proved to be different in the treated and control groups. It was shown that thermal treatment with antioxidants slowed the growth rate of total polyphenols by 20% relative to control, indicating inhibition of maturation processes. It was revealed that the activity o polyphenol oxidase during the storage of treated fruits was slowing down. It has been established that the application of said treatment substantially inhibits the degradation of chlorophylls. Rapid loss of chlorophyll caused yellowing and loss of consumer properties in the control groups after 2 weeks of storage. In processed cucumbers only 21 days of storage revealed a decrease in the concentration of chlorophyll in relation to the moment of laying. At day 28 the amount of chlorophylls in the experimental fruit is at the same level as in the control after a week of storage. It has been found that the use of the proposed treatment slows the degradation of carotenoids. The quantity of carotenoids in experimental cucumbers at the end of storage is 21–23% higher than in the control ones. The compensatory function of ascorbic acid, carotenoids and phenolic substances during storage of cucumber fruits is proved.
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