A comparative approach on human capital formation in the Baltic countries and countries from the Eastern partnership. The determinants of human capital formation in the Republic of Moldova.
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Дата
2021
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Анотація
Human capital formation and development are some concepts that have
nowadays a considerable meaning in the process of a sustainable development
creation of a country and economically ans socially stable society. There are countries
that, having similar economic and life representing indicators in the socialist times,
have evolved differently after gaining their independences. A period of thirty years has
determined the Baltic countries to improve the quality of human capital formation and
to motivate people to stay home and, thus, managing to improve their performance in
the Human Development Index(HDI)(Estonia occupying the place 29, Latvia - 37,
Lithuania- 34 out of 189 countries, 2019) whereas other countries, such as the ones
from the Eastern Partnership that took a similar pace with a lag of ten years, are
performing less good and this fact has been reflected in the ranking of the HDI
(Georgia occupying the place 61 , Ukraine – 74, Moldova – 90). Numerous factors
have determined the Republic of Moldova to lag in the process of flourishment, all of
them caused by the political and ideologiacal values and crises, corruption, low level
of endowment with resources, late orientation towards new capitalistic markets,
unsustainlable social security system, followed consequently by several waves of
consistent migration flows. The local governments did not manage to comprehend all
the variables and boost a good practice of addressing towards local people, society
individuals, as a consequence having a country depending on remittances (in 2006
remittances representing 36.4% of GDP, in 2017 - about 20% of GDP, and in 2019 -
15%) and having a distorted structure of local economy, described by a high share of
people involved in the retail activities and many people activating in a sphere other
than the ones in which they conducted their studies of profession.The performed
research has shown that policies towards human capital formation have an important
impact on the economic performance of a country and its efferent position in the world
rankings.
Опис
Mahmadbecov R. A comparative approach on human capital formation in the Baltic countries and countries from the Eastern partnership. The determinants of human capital formation in the Republic of Moldova. / R. Mahmadbecov ; advisor : R. Crudu // Black Sea Science 2021 : proc. of the Intern. Competition of Student Scientific Works / Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies ; eds. B. Yegorov, M. Mardar [et al.]. – Odessa: ONAFT, 2021. – P. 332–346 : tabl., fig. – Ref.: 29 tit.
Ключові слова
human capital, Human Development Index, Republic of Moldova, education, economic welfare, development, human capital formation, social progress, competitiveness