The using of mechanodiffusion effect in the production of concentrated polyextracts
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Дата
2018
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Анотація
In this paper, new results are presented regarding the preparation of polyextracts under the conditions of the action of the microwave field and their subsequent thickening. According to the hypothesis advanced by the authors, the features of the selective action of the microvolume field on the solvent molecules, it is possible to initiate an effect called mechanodiffusion. The effect action is particularly pronounced in the cramped conditions of capillary structures. This hypothesis is confirmed by a number of experimental studies. The created stand for the visualization of the mechanodiffusion phenomenon fixed emissions from the models of capillaries filled with liquid during the microwave field influence. The use of the endoscope shielded from the microwave field made it possible to record this effect for the first time. It is noticed that from the capillary during the microwave field influence not only liquid is thrown out, but also paint particles, that is, dry substances. For extraction processes, this effect is particularly valuable, since it allows one to initiate a rapid transition of components into the extract, including insoluble ones. It is important to keep thermolabile biologically active substances and vitamins when manufacturing phytopreparations. An experimental stand has been created, where the extraction process is carried out under vacuum. The working pressure is in the range of 20–40 kPa. Such conditions ensure the boiling of the extract already at 30–40°С, which contributes to continuous updating of the boundary layer, which greatly intensifies the process. Due to the phenomenon of barodiffusion, there is no need to use several extractants to obtain a polyextract. The necessary stage in the production of phytopreparations is the concentration of extracts. The microwave vacuum-evaporator allows you to remove moisture at low energy costs and a high rate of moisture removal.