Перегляд за Автор "L. Soldatenko, A. Shipko, I. Shipko"
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- ДокументDIRECTION OF IMPROVEMENT OF THE WORKING BODIES OF HAMMER(2020) L. Soldatenko, A. Shipko, I. ShipkoAmong the many types of grinding machines used in enterprises of grain processing, food and other industries, an important place belongs to hammer crushers. This is explained by the possibility of their use for grinding materials of various origins (plant, animal, mineral, as well as various wastes of food production), various particle size distribution (lumpy, briquetted, granular, fibrous), having different strength properties (hard, medium hard, soft, brittle, viscous), capable of being crushed once or requiring double sequential crushing. In addition, hammer crushers are characterized by relative simplicity of design, and most importantly - they destroy materials in the most rational way - by impact loading as a result of two successive strokes: a hammer on a particle and particles on the surface of the deck. The execution of these attacks at right angles creates the conditions for the intensification of the destruction process. However, the wear of the hammers leads to a rounding of their impact faces, which makes the angles of attack in the active zone of the hammers significantly different from the direct one. Under the influence of shock-frictional loads, their working surfaces quickly wear out, which leads to a decrease in productivity and crushing efficiency, to an increase in energy consumption, a disturbance in the balance of hammer rotors, an increase in the vibroacoustic activity of crushers, and other negative consequences The invention of the “Hammer of the crusher” provides for the use of ring-shaped multi-toothed hammers, the durability of which, when using traditional materials and conventional heat treatment, is increased by 4...5 times, eliminates the need for periodic rearrangement of hammers, stabilizes the operation of crushers. The possibility of self-sharpening ring-shaped multi-toothed hammers after reversing the hammer rotor simplifies the maintenance of crushers, eliminates personnel errors when replacing worn hammers. If multi-toothed hammers are subjected to liquid non-electrolysis boration and heat treatment using an optical quantum generator, then their durability can increase by more than ten times.
- ДокументESTIMATED DETERMINATION OF PARAMETERS OF MOUNTING MASTS(2023) L. Soldatenko, A. Shipko, I. ShipkoWhen carrying out installation work at the enterprises of the branch, the use of universal lifting equipment is sometimes impossible or impractical. In such cases, resort to the use of mounting masts - relatively simple in design and quite efficient lifting equipment [1], the construction of which is largely based on the practical experience of foremen of assembly organizations or fore-men-riggers. Existing methods of calculation of mounting masts, developed many decades ago on the basis of sufficiently primitive considerations, without taking into account additional loads, give approximate results and should be revised and improved. An attempt at such work is reflected in this article. Since the main structural elements of the mounting mast are its riser and cables, the definition of the parameters of the mast is to calculate the strength of the riser and cables of the accepted dimensions under the loads provided by the initial data of a specific technical task. Evaluation of the strength of the riser should be performed both in the plane of torque and from the plane of torque. To find the value of the maximum stress in the mast riser and the maximum stress in the i-th cable, it is necessary to calculate the stress-strain state of the riser and cables using a mixed method, according to which some unknowns are displacement and part - effort. The mathematical model of the problem is described by four algebraic equations. The equation of continuity of riser deformations is based on the use of Tymoshenko's functions, which take into account the influence of longitudinal forces on the deflection of the mast riser in the plane of action of wind load and weight of cargo. Loads from the weight and tension of the cables are taken into account their possible ice and the force of pre-tension. The wind load of the riser and cables is determined using data on the standard speed pressure, N / m2, which for Ukraine is 0.38 kPa. Calculations of riser and cable parameters also take into account the temperature difference, which in the climatic conditions of Ukraine does not exceed the interval 040 st structures are recommended to rely on the combination of both permanent and temporary loads according to the data given in the article. All this together gives reason to hope that the considered method of calculation of parameters of assembly masts will be useful to experts of the assembly organizations and students studying questions of technics and technology of rigging works.
- ДокументIMPROVING THE DESIGN OF THE BRUSH MACHINE FOR GRAIN(2021) L. Soldatenko, A. Shipko, I. ShipkoThe quality of the finished products of flour mills largely depends on the efficiency of grain cleaning equipment, in particular, on those intended for cleaning the grain surface from dense deposits of organic and mineral dust. In modern conditions of an acute shortage of household drinking water, when the use of washing and washer-hulling machines becomes impractical or completely impossible, the role of equipment for dry processing of grain surfaces - scouring and brushing machines - is significantly increasing. Scouring machines separate high-ash dust deposits from the surface of the grain, separate the embryo and bangs, destroy clods of earth commensurate with the grain, and also lead to partial peeling of fruit shells. But they cannot remove dust and microorganisms from the groove of the weevil. This task - in the absence of washing and washer-hulling machines - is solved exclusively by brushing machines. They remove dust and microorganisms from the groove, the remains of dust, embryos and bangs, fruit shells torn by the peeling machines, and reduce the ash content of the refined grain by 0.02 ... 0.03%. And although the efficiency of the brushing machines is less than the efficiency of the scourers, they are irreplaceable at the final stages of cleaning the grain surface. The decisive influence on the efficiency of the operation of brushing machines is created by the technical condition of the working bodies and the size of the working gap between the brush rotor and the brush deck, which should be 4 ... 8 mm. However, over time, the brush surfaces of the rotor and deck will wear out, become dirty, clogged with dust and deform - the bristles get a slope and the working gap increases. In many respects, this is corrected by regulation with a special adjusting mechanism. But its capabilities are limited, and the longer the brush is used, the more often the regulation is required and the less effective it becomes. Specialists from many countries are engaged in the improvement of brush machines: Russia, Switzerland, Poland, etc. An overview of the designs and functional diagrams of machines of various companies, as well as inventions and patents in this area, can contribute to the improvement of the А1-БЩМ-12 brush machine, which is most often used in production lines of domestic enterprises. Invention "Brush machine for cleaning grain surface" for copyright certificate No. 459248 is just about the equipment for cleaning wheat and rye. The aim of the invention is to improve the efficiency of processing the surface ofthe grain by lengthening the path of its friction along the working surfaces of the rotor and the deck and continuous extraction of particles separated from the grain over the entire surface of the deck. For this, the proposed machine has a deck, which consists of a set of cylindrical brush rollers that rotate in mutually opposite directions. Externally, the deck is covered by a sieve shell, which can be made corrugated to increase the grain cleaning effect. The working area is formed by a rotary brush rotor and a brush-roller deck. Rollers of odd numbers rotate in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor at half the speed, and rollers of paired numbers rotate at the same speed as odd numbers, but in the same direction as the rotor. Grain in the working area goes through a complex zigzag path, after which it is blown with air and goes outside. To compensate for the wear of the brushes and regulate the size of the working gap, the axes of the rollers on both sides are installed in the radial grooves of the two fixed sidewalls and simultaneously in the inclined grooves of the rotary plates mounted on the cylindrical protrusions of these sidewalls. Since the total surface area of the brush rollers is almost 4 times larger than the deck area of the А1-БЩМ-12 machine, the specific load on the surface of the rollers is significantly reduced, which guarantees a longer and more efficient operation of the brush machine.