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Bioremediation of petroleum - contaminated soil using microorganisms
(2021) Shiukashvili, T.; Ichkiti, M.; Khutuashvili, T.
Biosurfactants are surface - active molecules that can reduce surface tension. Microorganisms are able to produce biosurfactants and bio emulgators, that are characterized with structural and functional diversity. There are 39 bacterial strains that are produced by petroleum - contaminated soil biot in Georgia. There are 11 Pseudomonas, 17 Bacillus and 4 Rhodococcus strains identified here. With the help of screening, seven bacterial strains are chosen that are produced by biosurfactants. Producing biosurfactants by the genus Bacillus reaches its maximum in 24 hours, but by Pseudomonas and Rhodococcus strains - in 72 hours. Surface tension tensiometer method has discovered three strains that can synth extracellular biosurfactants. In order to increase the biosurfactant yield, there are carefully selected feeding areas and good conditions for cultivating. Among the strains that are well known with its extracellular biosurfactant yield, Pseudomonas sp. GV19 stands out with its 30.1 milinuton/meter strain.